Acetic Acid Clinical Studies

Below is a list of clinical studies that provide evidence supporting the health benefits of acetic acid across various physiological functions:

• Carol S. Johnston, Iwona Steplewski, Cindy A. Long, Lafe N. Harris, and Romina H. Ryals. Examination of the antiglycemic properties of vinegar in healthy adults. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 56: 74–79, 2010.
• Tomoo Kondo, Mikiya Kiiu, Takashi Fushimi, Shinobu Ugajin, and Takayuki Kaga. Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels in obese Japanese subjects. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 73: 1837–1843, 2009.
• Carol S. Johnston, Samantha Quagliano, Serena White. Vinegar ingestion at mealtime reduced fasting blood glucose concentrations in healthy adults at risk for type 2 diabetes. Journal of Functional Foods 5: 2007–2011, 2013.
• Carol S. Johnston, Amanda J. Buller. Vinegar and peanut products as complementary foods to reduce postprandial glycemia. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 105: 1939–1342, 2005.
• E. Ostman, Y. Granfeldt, L. Persson, and I. Bjorck. Vinegar supplementation lowers glucose and insulin responses and increases satiety after a bread meal in healthy subjects. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59: 983–988, 2005.